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Poetic diction: A study of eighteenth century verse

Written by Thomas Quayle

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About this book

"Poetic Diction: A Study of Eighteenth Century Verse" by Thomas Quayle is a literary critique written in the early 20th century. This work investigates the poetic language utilized during the eighteenth century, particularly analyzing the views surrounding "poetic diction" and how this language evolved in relation to contemporary social and literary contexts. Quayle aims to critique the misconceptions about the poetry of this era, addressing the historical dismissal of its style and contributions. At the start of the study, Quayle sets the stage by discussing the historical context following the publication of the "Lyrical Ballads" in 1798, highlighting the ensuing criticism of the classical poetic language of the eighteenth century. He notes how poets of that time, including Pope and Dryden, faced unjust disparagement due to labels that oversimplified their contributions. Quayle proposes to reevaluate these poets' work, examining the various forms of poetic diction—such as Latinism, archaism, and abstraction—which were utilized in their poetry. The opening portion establishes the book's intent to assess the value of the language used in eighteenth-century verse and explore how it reflects the literary and cultural conditions of its time.

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Reading guide

Themes, characters and key ideas in Poetic diction: A study of eighteenth century verse, written by Chaptra AI.

  • about 12 hours
  • advanced
  • Scholarly
  • Analytical
  • Informative

Thomas Quayle's "Poetic Diction: A Study of Eighteenth Century Verse" is a foundational work of literary criticism that meticulously examines the distinctive linguistic and stylistic characteristics of English poetry during the 18th century. The book delves into the pervasive use of elevated, often artificial, language, periphrasis, and classical allusions that defined the Neoclassical period. Quayle analyzes how poets of the era consciously employed a specialized vocabulary, separate from everyday speech, to achieve effects of grandeur, decorum, and wit. Through detailed textual analysis, it traces the origins, development, and eventual critique of this 'poetic diction,' providing crucial insights into the aesthetic principles and linguistic practices of the period and its eventual decline in favor of more naturalistic language.

"The term 'poetic diction' refers not merely to a choice of words, but to a cultivated system of language, consciously employed by poets to elevate their subject and differentiate it from the common discourse."

Key themes

The Nature of Poetic Diction
This theme explores the core subject of the book: the definition, components, and functions of the specialized language used in 18th-century poetry. Quayle meticulously details its characteristics, such as elevated vocabulary, periphrasis, and classical allusions, as a conscious artistic choice.
Aesthetic Principles of Neoclassicism
Quayle situates poetic diction within the broader aesthetic framework of Neoclassicism, discussing how it reflects ideals of decorum, grandeur, universality, and an admiration for classical models. The diction was not arbitrary but deeply tied to the prevailing artistic philosophy.
The Evolution and Critique of Literary Language
This theme traces the historical trajectory of poetic diction, from its ascendancy to its eventual decline. It highlights the critical debates surrounding its artificiality and anticipates the Romantic reaction, particularly the call for more 'natural' language in poetry, marking a significant shift in literary taste.

Worth discussing

How does Quayle define 'poetic diction,' and what are its key characteristics according to his analysis?

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