Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, vol. LXVIII, Sept. 1910: The Bergen Hill Tunnels. Paper No. 1154

"Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, vol. LXVIII, Sept.…" is a scientific publication written in the early 20th century. It details the engineering efforts associated with the construction of the New York Tunnel Extension of the Pennsylvania Railroad, specifically focusing on the Bergen Hill Tunnels. The likely topic of this work encompasses the technical specifications, construction methods, and geological considerations involved in the tunnel's excavation and lining. The opening of this volume introduces the project by specifying its location, key contractors, and historical context, including challenges faced during construction and geological assessments. It outlines the design of the tunnels, including critical measurements and construction methods implemented for excavation and tunnel safety. The text also provides detailed insights into geological formations encountered, excavation techniques, and the equipment used, setting the stage for a comprehensive exploration of civil engineering practices of that era.