The Winter Solstice Altars at Hano Pueblo

"The Winter Solstice Altars at Hano Pueblo" by Jesse Walter Fewkes is an anthropological study written in the late 19th century. This scientific publication explores the unique Winter Solstice ceremonies and altars constructed by the Tewa clans residing at Hano Pueblo in northeastern Arizona, shedding light on their rituals that are distinct yet culturally significant within the broader context of Native American traditions. In this detailed account, Fewkes examines the cultural and historical background of Hano Pueblo, tracing its settlement by Tewa clans from the Rio Grande valley and their retention of Tanoan customs amidst the Hopi influence. The book describes the intricate rituals performed during the midwinter ceremony known as Tûñtai, highlighting the construction and significance of the altars, the various components used in them (such as clay effigies and ceremonial meal patterns), and the community involvement in these sacred practices. By documenting the altars and their relation to the cultural identity of the Hano people, Fewkes provides critical insights into the persistence of Tewa traditions and their interaction with surrounding Native cultures.