The Pacification of Burma

"The Pacification of Burma" by C. H. T. Crosthwaite is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The book details the administrative and military processes undertaken for the pacification and integration of Upper Burma into the British Empire after its annexation in the late 19th century, specifically focusing on Crosthwaite’s experiences as Chief Commissioner. It provides insight into the political dynamics, local governance, and social conditions of Burma during a tumultuous time, highlighting both the challenges faced and the strategies employed to establish control and order. The opening of the work sets the stage by outlining the context of Burma's annexation in 1885, emphasizing the rapid military successes of the British troops and the subsequent chaotic state of the country following the deposition of the king. Crosthwaite notes the various armed resistance forces that emerged in the absence of a cohesive government, leading to an era of lawlessness and disorder. He explains the administrative framework he encountered upon arrival, characterized by a lack of structured governance, difficulties in communication, and a pressing need for effective civil administration to restore order and stability to the war-torn region. The narrative lays the groundwork for a detailed exploration of the subsequent efforts to create a functioning administration and police force in Upper Burma, a task Crosthwaite was heavily involved in.