The Historical Child: Paidology; The Science of the Child

"The Historical Child" by Oscar Chrisman is a historical account written in the early 20th century. The book focuses on the study of child life throughout various cultures and civilizations, with particular attention to the upbringing, customs, and societal roles of children in historical contexts such as Ancient Mexico and Peru. The author’s intent is to provide valuable insights into how children were perceived and cared for across different societies, thus shedding light on the evolution of childhood. At the start of the book, Chrisman introduces the concept of "paidology," which he defines as the scientific study of children. The opening chapter specifically delves into the lives of children in ancient Mexico during the Aztec civilization. It discusses aspects such as social hierarchy, the importance of marriage and family structure, rituals surrounding childbirth, and the various roles children played within their communities. With vivid descriptions and detail, Chrisman outlines the care and treatment of children while noting the educational customs, food, dress, and leisure activities that defined their formative years. This informative beginning sets the stage for a deeper exploration of childhood across various cultures, engaging readers with both historical facts and human interest.