Critical Miscellanies (Vol 2 of 3), Essay 1: Vauvenargues

Key themes

Human Nature and Virtue

This is the core theme of Vauvenargues' philosophy as interpreted by Morley. It explores the idea that humans possess an innate capacity for virtue and goodness, challenging more pessimistic views of human nature. Morley highlights Vauvenargues' belief that character and virtuous instincts are more fundamental to morality than strict rationalism or forced asceticism.

Critique of Pessimistic Worldviews

Morley frames Vauvenargues' work as a vital counter-argument to the dominant cynical and austere philosophies of his time. This theme explores how Vauvenargues provided a more hopeful and balanced perspective on human capabilities, rejecting the extreme views that depict humanity as inherently corrupt or driven solely by ego.

The Role of Emotion and Instinct in Morality

Morley underscores Vauvenargues' significant contribution in asserting the vital role of emotions, sentiments, and natural instincts in the formation of moral character and ethical judgment. This theme explores how morality, for Vauvenargues, arises organically from the human spirit rather than solely from logical deduction or external imposition.

Worth discussing

How does Morley position Vauvenargues as a 'balanced reaction' against Pascal and La Rochefoucauld? What specific aspects of his philosophy achieve this balance?