A Study of Siouan Cults: Eleventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1889-1890, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1861, pages 351-544

"A Study of Siouan Cults" by James Owen Dorsey is a scientific publication written in the late 19th century. The book explores the religious beliefs and practices of various Siouan tribes, including the Omaha and Ponka, focusing on their systems of worship and the associated rituals. It likely provides extensive ethnographic details, definitions, and critical evaluations of the cults within these tribal communities. At the start of the work, Dorsey introduces essential concepts, offering definitions for key terms such as "cult" and "Siouan," while outlining the tribes he will cover. He provides background on his own experiences among these groups, emphasizing the importance of gathering information directly from the Indigenous peoples themselves. The text also critiques the notion of a singular "Great Spirit" in Siouan beliefs, suggesting the need for a nuanced understanding of their spiritual frameworks and how they classify various phenomena as "human" or "superhuman." This introduction sets the stage for a detailed examination of the diverse beliefs, rituals, and symbols intertwined in Siouan religious practices.